Orthopedics (or orthopaedics) is the branch of medicine focused on diagnosing, treating, preventing, and rehabilitating disorders, injuries, and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. This system includes bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, tendons, and nerves. Physicians who specialize in this field are called orthopedic surgeons or orthopedists.

Key areas of orthopedics include:

• Bone fractures: Treating broken bones through casting, surgery, or other interventions.
• Joint disorders: Managing conditions like arthritis, bursitis, and joint dislocations, as well as performing joint replacement surgeries (e.g., hip or knee replacements).
• Spinal conditions: Treating back pain, scoliosis, herniated discs, and other spinal problems.
• Muscle and tendon injuries: Addressing issues such as muscle strains, tendonitis, or tendon tears.
• Sports injuries: Diagnosing and treating common athletic injuries like ACL tears, sprains, and rotator cuff injuries.
• Congenital disorders: Managing conditions present at birth, such as clubfoot or hip dysplasia.
• Rehabilitation: Providing physical therapy and rehabilitation plans to restore mobility and strength after injury or surgery.

Orthopedic care can range from nonsurgical treatments (like physical therapy, medication, and injections) to complex surgeries. Orthopedic surgeons are highly trained to perform surgeries such as bone realignment, joint replacements, or ligament repairs. Their goal is to help patients restore movement, reduce pain, and improve quality of life.

Orthopedists often collaborate with physical therapists, pain management specialists, and other healthcare providers to ensure comprehensive care for musculoskeletal health.